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1.
Cad. Saúde Pública (Online) ; 36(1): e00208818, 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055618

ABSTRACT

Resumo: O artigo apresenta análise da oferta das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde (PICS) na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), a partir da convergência da resposta de gestores e profissionais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa descritivo-exploratória, utilizando dois bancos de dados: o Inquérito Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde no SUS e o Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ). De acordo com os gestores, a oferta de PICS esteve presente na ESF de 26,7% dos municípios participantes do Inquérito e em 25,5% dos municípios do PMAQ, segundo os profissionais. Dos 1.478 municípios que participaram das duas pesquisas, em 8,6% deles houve convergência da oferta de PICS na ESF. Os municípios com maior convergência na oferta são de pequeno porte populacional e com maior cobertura de atenção básica. A pequena quantidade de municípios com oferta reconhecida por gestores e profissionais reforça o pressuposto de que são os profissionais os principais responsáveis pela expansão das PICS no SUS, em detrimento de iniciativas da gestão. Esse cenário caracteriza a necessidade de apropriação por parte dos gestores do que é desenvolvido na ESF, para o fortalecimento das PICS e a mobilização de recursos institucionais para sua manutenção e ampliação.


Abstract: The article analyzes the supply of Integrative and Complementary Health Practices in the Family Health Strategy (FHS), based on the agreement between answers by administrators and health professionals. This was a quantitative descriptive-exploratory study using two databases, the National Survey on Integrative and Complementary Practices in Health in the Unified National Health System (SUS) and the National Program for Improvement of Access and Quality of Basic Care (PMAQ). According to the administrators, the supply of Integrative and Complementary Health Practices was present in the FHS in 26.7% of the municipalities participating in the National Survey, compared to 25.5% of the municipalities according to the health professionals in the PMAQ. Of the 1,478 municipalities that participated in both surveys, in 8.6% there was an agreement of answers on the supply of Integrative and Complementary Health Practices in the FHS. The municipalities with the greatest agreement in the supply were those with small populations and greater coverage of basic care. The small proportion of municipalities with this supply according to both administrators and health professionals supports the hypothesis that the health professionals are the main force responsible for the expansion of Integrative and Complementary Health Practices in the SUS, as compared to initiatives by administrators. This scenario reflects the need for administrators to take greater stock of what is developed in the FHS to strengthen Integrative and Complementary Health Practices and to mobilize the institutional resources for their maintenance and expansion.


Resumen: El artículo presenta un análisis de la oferta de Prácticas Integradoras y Complementarias en Salud (PICS), dentro la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (ESF), a partir de la convergencia en la respuesta de gestores y profesionales. Se trata de una investigación cuantitativa descriptiva-exploratoria, utilizando dos bancos de datos: la Encuesta Nacional de Prácticas Integradoras y Complementarias de Salud en el SUS y el Programa Nacional de Mejora de Acceso y Calidad de la Atención Básica (PMAQ). De acuerdo con los gestores, la oferta de PICS estuvo presente en la ESF de un 26,7% de los municipios participantes en la Encuesta Nacional y en un 25,5% de los municipios del PMAQ, según los profesionales. De los 1.478 municipios que participaron en las dos investigaciones, en un 8,6% de ellos hubo convergencia de la oferta de PICS en la ESF. Los municipios con mayor convergencia en la oferta son de pequeño porte poblacional y con mayor cobertura de atención básica. La pequeña cantidad de municipios con oferta reconocida por gestores y profesionales refuerza la presuposición de que son los profesionales los principales responsables de la expansión de las PICS en el SUS, en detrimento de iniciativas de la gestión. Este escenario caracteriza la necesidad de apropiación por parte de los gestores de lo que se desarrolla en la ESF, para el fortalecimiento de las PICS y la movilización de recursos institucionales para su mantenimiento y ampliación.


Subject(s)
Humans , Complementary Therapies/statistics & numerical data , Family Health , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/statistics & numerical data , Government Programs , National Health Programs , Primary Health Care , Brazil
2.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 26: e3044, 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-961198

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to perform the semantic validation of the short versions of the Empathy-Systemizing Quotient Scales, intended to measure the empathetic and systemizing profiles of individuals. The scales originated in Cambridge and were validated in Portugal, and were assessed for their psychometric properties. Method: methodological study included the scales' semantic validation (content validity) and verification of their psychometric properties (internal consistency). Five judges participated in the semantic validation. The Content Validity Index was calculated, a pretest was conducted with 18 undergraduate nursing students, and, finally, the scales were applied to a sample. Results: the sample was composed of 215 undergraduate nursing students, 186 (86.51%) of whom were women aged 21 years old, on average. The scales presented good internal consistency with global Cronbach's alphas equal to 0.83 and 0.79 for the Empathy Quotient and the Systemizing Quotient, respectively. Correlations between the scales and subscales of the Empathy Quotient and Systemizing Quotient were all positive and significant according to the Pearson correlation coefficient. Conclusion: the scales are reliable and valid to measure the empathetic and systemizing profile of undergraduate nursing students and the final version was named "versões curtas das Escalas de Medição do Quociente de Empatia/Sistematização - Brasil" [short versions of the Empathy-Systemizing Quotient Scales - Brazil].


RESUMO Objetivo: realizar a validação semântica e avaliar as propriedades psicométricas das versões curtas das Escalas de Medição do Quociente de Empatia/Sistematização, originadas em Cambridge e validadas em Portugal, para mensurar o perfil empático e sistemático dos indivíduos. Método: estudo metodológico no qual foram compreendidas a validação semântica (validade de conteúdo) e a verificação das propriedades psicométricas (consistência interna) das escalas. Cinco juízes participaram da validação semântica. Foi calculado o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo, seguido de pré-teste, com 18 graduandos em enfermagem e posterior aplicação a uma amostra. Resultados: a amostra foi composta de 215 graduandos em enfermagem, sendo 186 (86,51%) do sexo feminino, com idade média de 21 anos. As escalas apresentaram boa consistência interna, com valores de Alfa de Cronbach global de 0,83 para o Quociente de Empatia e 0,79 para o Quociente de Sistematização. As correlações entre as escalas e subescalas do Quociente de Empatia e Quociente de Sistematização foram todas positivas e significantes, resultantes do teste de correlação de Pearson. Conclusão: as escalas foram consideradas confiáveis e válidas para mensurar o perfil empático e sistemático de graduandos em enfermagem e a versão final foi denominada versões curtas das Escalas de Medição do Quociente de Empatia/Sistematização - Brasil.


RESUMEN Objetivo: realizar la validación semántica y evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de las versiones cortas de las Escalas de Medición del Cociente de Empatía/Sistematización, originadas en Cambridge y validadas en Portugal, para medir el perfil empático y sistemático de los individuos. Método: estudio metodológico que comprendió la validación semántica (validez de contenido) y verificación de las propiedades psicométricas (consistencia interna) de las escalas. Cinco jueces participaron de la validación semántica. Después de calculado el Índice de Validez de Contenido, se realizó el pretest con dieciocho estudiantes de enfermería y posteriormente se aplicó a una muestra. Resultados: la muestra estuvo compuesta por 215 estudiantes de enfermería, siendo 186 (86,51%) del sexo femenino, con edad media de 21 años. Las escalas presentaron buena consistencia interna con valores de Alpha de Cronbach Global de 0,83 para el Cociente de Empatía y 0,79 para el Cociente de Sistematización. Las correlaciones entre las escalas y subescalas del Cociente de Empatía y Cociente de Sistematización fueron todas positivas y significativas, las que fueron resultado del test de correlación de Pearson. Conclusión: las escalas fueron consideradas confiables y válidas para medir el perfil empático y sistemático de estudiantes de enfermería; la versión final fue denominada de "versiones cortas de las Escalas de Medición del Cociente de Empatía/Sistematización - Brasil".


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/statistics & numerical data , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/statistics & numerical data , Delivery of Health Care/organization & administration , Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/mortality , Brazil/epidemiology , Comorbidity , Survival Analysis , Retrospective Studies , Emergency Medical Services
3.
Ann. hepatol ; 16(3): 395-401, May.-Jun. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887251

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction and aim. Utilization of palliative care services in patients dying of end-stage liver disease (ESLD) is understudied. We performed a retrospective review of palliative care services among patients with ESLD unsuitable for liver transplantation (LT) at a tertiary care center. Material and methods. Deceased ESLD patients considered unsuitable for LT from 2007-2012 were identified. Patients were excluded if they received a transplant, had an incomplete workup, were lost to follow up or whose condition improved so LT was not needed. Of the 1,175 patients reviewed, 116 met inclusion criteria. Results. Forty patients (34.4%) received an inpatient palliative care (PC) consultation and forty-one patients (35.3%) were referred directly to hospice. Thirty-three patients (28.4%) transitioned to comfort measures without PC consultation (median survival < 1 day). The median interval between LT denial and PC consultation or hospice was 28 days. Median survival after PC consult or hospice referral was 15 days. In conclusion, in a single center retrospective review of ESLD patients, palliative care services, when utilized, were for care at the very end of life. Without consultation, aggressive interventions continued until hours before death. We propose that ESLD patients could benefit from PC consultation at time of LT evaluation or based on MELD scores.


Subject(s)
Humans , Liver Transplantation , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/statistics & numerical data , End Stage Liver Disease/diagnosis , End Stage Liver Disease/mortality , End Stage Liver Disease/therapy , Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data , Terminal Care/statistics & numerical data , Wisconsin , Hospice Care/statistics & numerical data , Health Workforce/statistics & numerical data , Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosis , Liver Cirrhosis/mortality , Liver Cirrhosis/therapy
4.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 135(6): 777-782, jun. 2007. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-459583

ABSTRACT

Background: Preventive activities of the public health system in Chile are not integrated and there is no parameter assessing the whole population that is benefited with these activities. Aim: To develop and implement a mathematical measure of the coverage of preventive health activities, provided to different age groups. Material and methods: Data was gathered from the monthly statistical reports of the women, children, teenager, adult and elderly health programs in 30 communities of the Seventh Chilean Region. The preventive medicine index (PMI) was calculated as the ratio between the population that was ascribed to each program and the population that was a potential beneficiary of such program. Results: In the studied region, the global coverage of preventive medicine, calculated using the PMI, increased from 0.229 in 1999 to 0.370 in 2003. This represents a 61 percent increment. However, there are important inequalities in the access to preventive health in the different communities of the region. Conclusions: The PMI revealed a substantial increment in preventive health activities in the studied region.


Subject(s)
Humans , National Health Programs/statistics & numerical data , Preventive Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Preventive Medicine/statistics & numerical data , Chile , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Needs and Demand/statistics & numerical data , Health Systems Plans , Insurance, Health/statistics & numerical data , National Health Programs/organization & administration , Preventive Health Services/supply & distribution , Preventive Medicine/organization & administration
5.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 68(6): 815-820, nov.-dez. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-420191

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a efetividade do setor de Visão Subnormal no Instituto Benjamin Constant (IBC) e comprovar a real necessidade de um Instituto nos moldes do Instituto Benjamin Constant na atual política de inclusão. MÉTODOS: Estudo ecológico, realizado de 1° de outubro de 1990 a 20 de dezembro de 2002, analisando três períodos de atendimento no setor de Visão Subnormal no Instituto Benjamin Constant: a) 1991 - início do atendimento; b) 1995 - integração médico-pedagógica; c) 2002 - estágio atual. Nesta análise foram estudados os seguintes indicadores: I - número de atendimentos no setor de Visão Subnormal; II - condições do setor de Visão Subnormal no Instituto Benjamin Constant e III - associados. RESULTADOS: Observou-se aumento do atendimento, que passou a ser mais abrangente após a integração médico-pedagógica. Outros indicadores, como a capacitação de profissionais médicos, a participação em cursos de capacitação no Instituto Benjamin Constant, o aumento do número de convênios e encaminhamentos para o Instituto Benjamin Constant, além da Reabilitação, também confirmam a efetividade do setor de Visão Subnormal no Instituto Benjamin Constant. CONCLUSÕES: O setor de Visão Subnormal mostrou ser a interface entre o serviço médico e o serviço pedagógico, passando a interagir posteriormente com a Reabilitação e a Coordenação de Educação Física. Isto acarretou mudança de postura de diferentes setores do Instituto Benjamin Constant com relação ao paciente portador de visão subnormal, desde o educando até o paciente da comunidade. Desse modo, o Instituto Benjamin Constant mostrou a sua utilidade no tocante à política de inclusão.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , History, 20th Century , Academies and Institutes/standards , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/standards , Health Policy , Social Justice/standards , Vision, Low/therapy , Visually Impaired Persons/education , Attitude of Health Personnel , Academies and Institutes/history , Academies and Institutes/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/history , Delivery of Health Care, Integrated/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Research , Health Personnel/education , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , National Health Programs/standards , Vision, Low/rehabilitation
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